Introduction
GBV is a term used to denote harm inflicted on individuals and groups because of their gender. GBV can and does happen to people of all genders but reports show that women face a greater risk of GBV. Also at risk are those considered to be either nonexistent or a gender minority i.e intersex, transgender and non-binary persons. By addressing these issues, we aim to foster awareness, dialogue, and action within and beyond the LGBTQ+ community.
Forms of GBV Affecting LBTQI People
Unauthorised Surgeries on Intersex Bodies
Intersex is a term used to describe individuals born with physical sex characteristics that do not fit typical definitions of male or female. This can involve variations in chromosomes, hormones, reproductive organs, or genitalia. Intersex variations are naturally occurring and represent a spectrum of diverse biological differences. It’s important to note that being intersex is not a medical condition or disorder, and individuals with intersex variations may identify as male, female, both, or neither, just like anyone else.
Unauthorized surgeries on intersex individuals have long been a dark corner of medical practice, raising serious concerns about medical ethics and human rights violations.
Performing surgeries on intersex individuals without informed consent is a blatant violation of medical ethics.
The practice, often driven by societal norms and a desire to conform to binary gender ideals, subjects individuals to irreversible procedures that can have lifelong consequences. Unauthorised surgical interventions on intersex bodies are medically unnecessary and have been criticised by the World Health Organisation and other UN bodies due to their adverse consequences, including trauma, impact on sexual function and sensation, and is a violation of rights to physical and mental integrity.
Unauthorized surgeries infringe upon fundamental human rights, denying intersex individuals the right to bodily autonomy and self-determination. Such interventions can lead to severe physical and psychological harm, perpetuating a cycle of trauma and reinforcing harmful gender norms. Recognizing these actions as human rights violations is crucial in driving systemic change.
Informed consent is the cornerstone of ethical medical practice. Consequently, ensuring intersex individuals have access to comprehensive information about the potential risks and benefits of any surgical interventions is paramount. Healthcare professionals must engage in open, honest, and culturally sensitive conversations, allowing individuals to make informed decisions about their own bodies.
How do we combat unauthorised surgeries on intersex bodies? First, societal awareness of the physical and mental impacts of unauthorised surgeries on intersex individuals is crucial for dismantling this harmful practice.
There should be education campaigns debunking myths surrounding intersex variations while promoting acceptance and understanding. Also, highlighting the diversity of gender expressions will contribute to a more inclusive and compassionate society.
Enhancing medical training on intersex variations and cultural competency is vital. Healthcare professionals should be equipped with the knowledge and skills to provide affirming care, respecting the diversity of gender identities and expressions. Finally, promoting a patient-centred, non-coercive approach is essential in challenging ingrained biases within the medical community.
Violence against and Killing of Transgender Persons
In recent years, the alarming rise in violence against transgender and non-binary individuals has highlighted the urgent need for societal change and increased support for these marginalized communities. Violence against transgender and non-binary people is an undeniable and disheartening reality. From physical attacks to systemic discrimination, these communities often face immense challenges in simply expressing their identities.
Creating spaces for self-expression is essential in empowering transgender and non-binary individuals. Art, literature, and online platforms serve as powerful mediums for sharing personal narratives and challenging stereotypes. Encouraging diverse representation in media can help dispel misconceptions, fostering empathy and understanding.
Community Transphobia
While the LGBTQ+ community has long been a bastion of inclusivity and acceptance, the persistent issue of transphobia within its ranks remains a stark reminder of the work yet to be done.
Transphobia, or the discrimination and prejudice against transgender individuals, is unfortunately not absent within the LGBTQ+ community. While the community as a whole fights for acceptance and equal rights, it is crucial to confront the internalised biases and discriminatory attitudes that persist, particularly against our transgender siblings.
Transphobia within the queer community contributes to a toxic environment that not only hinders the well-being of transgender individuals but also perpetuates a cycle of violence. This discrimination can manifest in various forms, from micro aggressions to exclusion, or creating an unwelcome atmosphere for those who should find solace within the community.
Confronting transphobia begins with introspection. Members of the LGBTQ+ community must reflect on their own biases and preconceptions, challenging any discriminatory attitudes. Recognizing the diversity within our community, including various gender identities, is paramount for our liberation.
Prioritising Prevention of GBV
This comprehensive exploration aims to shed light on the multifaceted aspects of GBV affecting women, transgender, and non-binary persons. By creating awareness and encouraging proactive measures, we aim to contribute to the collective efforts to eliminate gender-based violence and create a safer, more inclusive Nigeria for everyone.
In Nigeria acts of abuse, especially acts such as female genital mutilation, intervention surgeries, forced marriages and so forth are not criminalised. And even the few deemed illegal like rape are widely tolerated, with the laws against them being rarely enforced. So, possibly, the first step would be having conversations on these issues, creating awareness on why these practices are harmful and then criminalising and enforcing laws criminalising these acts of violence.
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Activism as Catalyst: Activism is a powerful force for change. Engaging in advocacy efforts, whether through grassroots movements, awareness campaigns, or legislative initiatives, can contribute to dismantling discriminatory structures. By raising awareness and challenging harmful societal norms, activists pave the way for a more inclusive and accepting society .
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Policy Changes for Protection: To rectify these ethical breaches and human rights violations, policy changes are imperative. Legal frameworks must explicitly prohibit non-consensual surgeries on intersex individuals, and healthcare systems should prioritise a patient-centred approach that respects the autonomy of those affected. Transparent guidelines and oversight mechanisms are essential to ensure compliance.
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Amplifying Transgender Voices: Activism within the LGBTQ+ community should extend beyond advocating for general equality to specifically challenging transphobia. Inclusivity should be a guiding principle in organising events, creating safe spaces, and pushing for policy changes that protect transgender individuals from discrimination. Centering transgender voices in conversations, events, and media representation is essential. By amplifying these voices, the LGBTQ+ community can break down stereotypes and misconceptions that fuel transphobia. Establishing robust support networks within the queer community is also vital. These networks should provide a space for transgender individuals to share their experiences, seek advice, and find solace. Allies within the community should also play their role in uplifting and validating the identities of their transgender peers.
